INTRODUCTION: To evaluate stress distribution around dental implants in the areas of the canine region (CR) and the second incisor region (SIR) of the mandible in implant-supported prostheses by 3-dimensional finite analysis (FEA).
METHODS: The cadaveric mandible and the Ti-6Al -4V implant with 4.0 diameter 10 mm length were performed in 3-D scanning and modelled. After transferred to the FEA program (Ansys 13), four variations were analyzed to represent differences in implant location (i.e., SIR or CR) with two vertical loading forces were applied to the midline (60 N) and posterior line (100 N) of a bar placed between implants. The von Mises and Principal stresses were evaluated by FEA.
RESULTS: Von Mises stress analysis values are model 1: 2.7 MPa; model 2: 2.21 MPa; model 3: 9 MPa; model 4: 7.3 MPa and maximum-minimum Principal stress values are model 1: 0.03 MPa, -2.23 MPa; model 2: 0.07 MPa, -2.37 MPa; model 3: 0.013 MPa, -4.59; model 4: 0.016 MPa, -5.18 MPa.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Von Mises and Principal stress values obtained as a result of finite element analysis were found similar in 4 different models. There is no difference in clinically.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of resveratrol on gingival fibroblast viability with (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
METHODS: In our study rat buccal gingival tissues from the area surrounding the mandibular first molar were used for establishment of fibroblast cultures. Rat gingival tissues were mechanically disrupted, and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L- glutamine, and penicillin (100 IU/mL)/streptomycin (100 μg/mL). The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and forth passage cultures were used for evaluating the effects of resveratrol on fibroblast viability in a concentration range of 0,78-400µM after 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation. Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values were calculated from the logarithmic trend lines of the proliferation versus concentration graphs.
RESULTS: MTT assay showed that viability of gingival fibroblast cells were over 85% and 90% after 72-96 hours and 48 hours respectively in a 0.78-25µM concentration range of resveratrol. IC50 were 120,1±5,7 µM; 85,2±6,4 µM; 105,9±7,1 µM for 48, 72, 96 hours, respectively.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Within the limitations, it can be concluded that 0.78-25µM concentration range of resveratrol doesn’t have negative effect on fibroblast viability.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate and compare ceramic fracture of Co-Cr metal-ceramic restorations fabricated by (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) DMLS or conventional cast methods.
METHODS: 86 patients with a need of fixed partial dentures without any sign of bruxial behaviors or symptoms were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the first group metal substructures were fabricated by laser sintering using Co-Cr alloy powder. In the second group substructures were fabricated by lost-wax casting technique using Co-Cr alloy ingots. Patient follow up was done 1 year after cementation. Ceramic fractures were evaluated and classified. Student T-test, Mann Whitney U, Ki Square and Fisher tests were used in statistical analysis (α=.05).
RESULTS: The success rate was 96.2% for DMLS group and 97.4% for cast group. There was statistically no significant difference between DMLS group (3.8%) and cast group (2.6%) in terms of ceramic fractures and fracture degrees (P=.447). The ceramic fractures in men (5.8%) were significantly higher than women (1.4%). (P=.004)
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the current study it was concluded that the ceramic fractures in metal-ceramic fixed partial dentures fabricated by DMLS and conventional casting methods showed statistically no significant differences.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3 commercially available mouth rinses and distilled water as a control group on the color stability of dental ceramic and enamel.
METHODS: Eighty subjects were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into four groups. Three group prescribed the use of 3 different mouthrinse and as a control group used distilled water. Color values of dental ceramic and enamel were recorded at baseline with a spectrophotometer according to the CIE L*a*b* coordinates. After seven days, the color values of all subjects were re measured and the color change value ΔE* was calculated. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance at a significance level of.05.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences among color change of enamel. The difference between ΔE values obtained from different mouthwashes and feldspathic ceramic was not statistically significant. (P>.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the study, it was concluded that the mouthrinses on ceramic surfaces caused different levels of coloration than the control group.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was evaluation of tensile strengths of 3 different provisional luting methods on titanium blocks.
METHODS: 64 titanium blocks of 5 mm height and 10 mm width were produced. Group 1 were electro chemically anodizated, group 2 electro chemically anodizated and roughened, group 3 were just roughtened, and group 4 were not processed (control group). Total sample number was 64 (n=16 x4) and 32 pairs of the blocks luted with Resin Cement, Polycarboxylate Cement, Glass Ionomer Cement and tested their tensile strengths. Tensile strengths were measured in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/ min and recorded the fracture load (Newton). Strength values were calculated and statistically analyzed by IBM SPSS v25 Kruskal- Wallis.
RESULTS: Group 2 which exhibited the highest tensile strength ( 56.33 N ± 8.33) and while the group 4 showed the lowest tensile strength (7.75 N ± 2.22) compared to other groups (p ≤ 0.05 ). These two groups compared with each other and was a statistically significant between these groups 2 and 4.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results confirmed the study hypothesis, showing a positive relation between the tensile strength values and the material properties anodizated.Among the materials tested, resin cement showed the highest tensile bond strentgh, followed by glass ionomer cement, while polycarboxylate cement showed the lowest tensile bond strength value.

INTRODUCTION: Resistin is a cytokine involved in insulin resistance, inflammation and immunity. The relationship of resistin with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, one of the key cytokines of periodontal inflammation, is bidirectional. This study aimed to evaluate salivary resistin and TNF-α levels in different periodontal diseases.
METHODS: Saliva samples were collected from 20 generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy individuals. Probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), papillary bleeding index (PBI) and plaque index were recorded. Salivary resistin and TNF-α levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-group comparison was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post-hoc test.
RESULTS: G-AgP, CP and gingivitis groups exhibited higher salivary resistin and TNF-α levels compared to the periodontally healthy controls, however, this did not reach to statistical significance (p>0.05). Although both periodontitis groups had significantly higher mean PD, CAL and PBI scores compared to gingivitis group (p<0.0001), salivary cytokine levels were similar in these groups (p>0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Within the limits of the present findings, salivary resistin and TNF-α levels could not differentiate periodontal disease from health. Further investigations with larger sample size are needed to elucidate the potential relationship salivary levels of these cytokines with periodontal inflammation.

INTRODUCTION: This survey aimed to investigate the attitudes of the first- and fifth-year Turkish dental school students towards tobacco and to determine the prevalence of those using various tobacco products.
METHODS: The survey was conducted between May 1 and June 30, 2018 and the first- and fifth-year students were from eleven dental schools located in different regions of Turkey. Data were tested statistically using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program.
RESULTS: A total of 1228 students participated and 1096 completed the online survey. The majority of the participants were females (n=691, 63.05%). Mean age of the participants was 21.8 ± 2.9 years (age range 18-54 years). Although the overall rate of current smokers was 37.96%, 62.04% of the participants had inhaled tobacco smoke at least once. More than half (55.19%) of the current smokers stated that they wish to quit and 29.26% of these students have attempted to quit within the last six months. Only 19.49% of all participants defined themselves as highly addicted to cigarette smoking. The rate of waterpipe smokers was 41.2%, of which 83.7% declared that they had no intention to quit.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study shows that the rate of tobacco smokers is rather high among dental school students in Turkey and this finding points out the need for novel and more effective precautions against tobacco.

White spot lesion (WSL), which is called also incipient carious lesion or smooth surface lesion, is the first and curable stage of dental caries. WSL develops as a result of the demineralization that begins when the oral pH decreasing below the critical value of 5.5 for 30 minutes. In children under 3 years of age, WSL is the precursor of severe early childhood caries. WSL is commonly seen and rapidly developing in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. These lesions are demineralized but non-cavitated. In this stage, it is possible to stop the development of caries lesion before cavitation. In the name of preventive dentistry, treatment of WSL is very important to prevent possible loss of dental tissue and to reduce the cost and duration of the treatment. Many methods are used in the treatment of WSL such as regulation of diet, improvement of oral hygiene, fluoride preparations, chlorhexidine gluconate, laser, casein phosphopeptide, microabrasion, bioactive glass and low-viscosity resin infiltration. The aim of this review is to examine the methods used in the treatment of white spot lesions with the results of the research on this topic.