Adhesive technology has undergone great progress in the last decade. Bonding to enamel has been proven to be durable, bonding to dentin is more complicated. These include the heterogeneity of the structure and composition of dentin, the dentin surface characteristics, physicochemical properties of the adhesives, among other variables. Most of the current knowledge of bonded interface originated from laboratory studies. The question as to whether these laboratory outcomes are somehow related or/can be predictive of clinical performance remains dubious. Except for a few weak relationships, most of the attempts to correlate laboratory and clinical data are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to review the clinical outcome of Class V restorations support with in vitro bond strength test’s data or not.

Skeletal class II malocclusions are characterized by sagittal mandibular retrusion, maxillary protrusion or combination of both. Treatment altervatives include restriction of anterior movement of maxilla and maxillary teeth, distal movement of maxillary teeth, extractions, stimulation of horizontal growth of mandible and anterior movement of mandible and mandibular teeth. Respiratory system is a dynamic structure includes nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial, bronchiole and alveolus. The methods used to evaluate upper airway are cephalometry, acoustic reflection, fluoroscopy, nasopharyngoscopy, computedtomography, magnetic resonance imaging, esophagealmanometry and bronchoscopy. There are a lot of factors effecting the size of the airway. When compared with Class I individuals, children with Class II malocclusion have narrower oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal areas and it is concluded that Class II malocclusion treatments can increase the airway size. The aim of this review is to evaluate the studies found in literature about the effects of Class II malocclusion treatments such as maxillary expansion, headgear, functional appliances, ortognatic surgery and mandibular distraction on upper airway size.

During the root canal treatment procedure the accuracy of working length determination affects the success of the endodontic therapy directly. Using electronic apex locators (EALs) to determine working length is an alternative method to radiographic working length determination and EALs has gained increasing popularity in recent years. Nowadays working mechanisms of EALs have been improved and by means accuracies of new generation EALs have been increased and contributes significantly to dentist in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to review the development, working principles and application areas of EALs.

Radiographs are the integral component for the assessment of periodontal disease. They can provide diagnostic information on alveoler bone levels, plaque retention factors, furcation defects and additional pathology which may influence patient management and treatment outcomes. Imaging systems used in dentistry are largely limited to 2 dimensional (2-D) systems including conventional-based radiography and digital radiography. The problem inherent to 2-D systems is that 3-dimensional anatomy is collapsed into 2-D space, resulting in the superimposition of structures that potentially obscure features of interest and decrease diagnostic sensitivity. 3-D imaging systems such as cone beam computed tomograpgy has the potential to overcome some of the shortcomings of these existing dental imaging systems. The aim of this review is to evaluate the 2-D and 3-D imaging systems being used in periodontology and to compare the clinical advantages and disadvantages of these dental imaging systems.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the satisfactions and/or complains of the patients who are using removable retantion appliance after orthodontic treatment for retantion.
METHODS: This study is done in Ege University, School of Dentistry, Orthodontics Department with 189 patient whose age avarages are 16.3±1.73 (maks. 22, min.15 ) for males and 16.6±1.45 (mak. 24, min. 14) for females. All the patients used retantion appliance at least three months. After three months, a survey is done one the patients about removable retantion appliances.
RESULTS: In survey it is reported that female patients had more diffulctly in talking and they feel uncomfortable using that in public. It is also reported that people who had university education are using their appliances more regularly.
CONCLUSION: When choosing the type of the retantion appliance, patient’s ideas about the treatment should be evaluted and the patients and their family should be informed well.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the ability of ProFile, ProTaper and Ni-TiFlex to shape simulated S-shaped canals.
METHODS: Thirty canals were instrumented to apical size 30 with ProFile, ProTaper/ProFile, and ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex. An assessment of pre- and post-instrumentation images at 12 different levels was analyzed with Autocad 2007. Data were analyzed by using an analysis of variance and t-test (p=0.05).
RESULTS: In general, ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex removed more material (p<0.05). The transportation, in ascending order was as follows: At coronal zone, ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex, ProFile, and ProTaper/ProFile; at first curvature, ProTaper/ProFile, ProFile, and ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex; and at apical curvature, ProFile, ProTaper/ProFile, and ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex (P<0.05). No instrument fractured. Three ledges for ProFile and seven ledges and zips for ProTaper/Ni-TiFlex were determined.
CONCLUSION: ProFile maintained the original working length significantly better and faster (p<0.05). Despite extensibility provided by ProTaper in the coronal part of the canal were appeared had positive effects on apical transportation, the canal shapes created with these combinations were still poor. Unfortunately, a continuous funnel shape, with diameter decreasing gradually from the orifice to the apex, was not obtained in any of the groups.

OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to evaluate microleakage around class V restorations using three different flowable resin composites applied with a self-etching adhesive system compared to a self adhering flowable resin composite.
METHODS: Eighty class V slot cavities were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of 40 human molar teeth, at the cemento-enamel junction with a 3mm. occluso-gingival height, 3mm. mesio-distal width and 2.5mm. depth and divided into 4 groups (n=10). Group-1: Single Bond (Self-etching adhesive, "3M ESPE")+G-ænial Flow (Flowable Composite, "GC"); Group-2: Single Bond+Charisma Opal Flow (Flowable Composite, "Heraus Kulzer"); Group-3: Single Bond+Alpha Flow (Flowable Composite "Dental Technologies"); Group-4: Vertise-Flow (Self Adhering Flowable Composite, "Kerr"). After finishing and polishing procedures, teeth were immersed in 0.5% basic-fuchsin solution (37°C,24h) and separated longitudinally in bucco-lingual direction. Depth of tracer penetration was scored. The results were analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests.
RESULTS: Microleakage was commonly lower in self adhering group (Group-4) than self-etched groups (Group-2, Group-3)(p<0,05). The restorations in Group-2 and Group-3 showed similar results of microleakage for both occlusal and cervical margins (p>0.05), while the difference between Group-1 and Group-4 was statistically insignificant (p>0,05).
CONCLUSION: Although more microleakage was occured at cervical margins than occlusal margins, none of the restorative materials failed to seal the tooth/restoration interface.

Oral fibrolipoma is an uncommon and histological variant of the classic lipoma. Clinically it mostly affects the buccal mucosa. Etiology of fibrolipoma is typically chronic trauma.
A 46 -year old man presented with a 9 year history of a relatively painless mass in the left buccal mucosa. The lesion was easily excised, under the local anesthesia.The diagnose of fibrolipoma was performed with histologic finding. No reccurence was observed in the two years postoperative control.